For centuries, it was the custom among passers-by—Jews, Christians and Muslims—to throw stones at the monument. Absalom (Hebrew: אַבְשָׁלוֹם Aḇšālōm, "father of peace"), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the third son of David, King of Israel with Maacah, daughter of Talmai, King of Geshur. Compare Exodus 32:32 ; Romans 9:3 ). Copyright © 2020, Bible Study Tools. Perhaps the most obvious biblical allusions in the story concern the names of several of the characters. (Apocrypha) (Codex Vaticanus, Abessalomos and Abessalom; Codex Alexandrinus, Absalomos, the King James Version Absalon): Bibliography Information [1 Chron 3:2][2 Sam 3:3], 2 Samuel 14:25 describes him as the most handsome man in the kingdom. Father of Jonathan who was sent by Simon Maccabee to take possession of Joppa; perhaps identical with Absalom (1) (1 Macc 13:11; Ant, XIII, vi, 4). Absalom in the Bible Absalom is the son of King David One of Absalom's brothers raped their sister, so Absalom decided to get revenge on him Absalom had his brother killed; King David decided to exile Absalom. "If only I were the judge of the land! After four years he declared himself king, raised a revolt at Hebron, the former capital, and slept with his father's concubines. The picture of Absalom that is presented in 2 Samuel 13–19 suggests that he was the Alcibiades of the Old Testament, alike in his personal attractiveness, his lawless insolence, and his tragic fate. The usurper pursued the fugitives with his forces but was completely defeated in “the forest of Ephraim” (apparently west of Jordan) and killed by Joab, who found him caught by the hair in an oak tree. His pretensions were favoured by the people. The first public act of his life was the blood-revenge he executed against Amnon, David's eldest son, who had basely wronged Absalom's sister Tamar. He also maintained a splendid retinue, ( 2 Samuel 15:1 ) and was admired for his personal beauty. [7], The life and death of Absalom offered to the rabbis a welcome theme wherewith to warn the people against false ambition, vainglory, and unfilial conduct. David took refuge from Absalom's forces beyond the Jordan River. Then all who had a suit or cause might come to me, and I would give them justice." He made gestures of flattery by kissing those who bowed before him instead of accepting supplication. He "stole the hearts of the people of Israel". Amnon was also David's eldest son. Some musical scores of David's lament for Absalom: This page was last edited on 16 October 2020, at 16:55. Absalom, David's third son, by Maacah, was born in Hebron. Although he incited rebellion against his … His body was then taken down and cast into a pit dug in the forest, and a heap of stones was raised over his grave. Bible, article "Jerusalem", p. 597). One of two envoys of the Jews, mentioned in a letter sent by Lysias to the Jewish nation (2 Macc 11:17). By many arts he gained their affection; and after his return from Geshur ( 2 Samuel 15:7 ; marg., RSV) he went up to Hebron, the old capital of Judah, along with a great body of the people, and there proclaimed himself king. He is first mentioned as murdering his half brother Amnon, David’s eldest son, … And yet in the oak-tree in whose branches Absalom was caught, we read that upon its heart he was held up still alive while the darts were thrust through him [Mek., Shirah, § 6]. Little is known of Absalom's family life, but the biblical narrative states that he had three sons and one daughter, whose name was Tamar and is described as a beautiful woman. Father: King David; Mother: Maacah; Brothers: Amnon, Kileab (also called Chileab or Daniel), Solomon, unnamed others. Bible References: Absalom’s story is found in 2 Samuel 3:3 and chapters 13-19. He was dispatched by Joab in spite of the prohibition of David, who, loving him to the last, had desired that his life might be spared. ( 2 Samuel 18:33 . "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". Updates? He brooded over the wrong for two years, and then invited all the princes to a sheep-shearing feast at his estate in Baalhazor, on the borders of Ephraim and Benjamin. "By his long hair the Nazirite entangled the people to rebel against his father, and by it he himself became entangled, to fall a victim to his pursuers" (Mishnah Soṭah, i. "International Standard Bible Encyclopedia". Ahithophel, who had been David's chief counsellor, deserted him and joined Absalom, whose chief counsellor he now became. Would God I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son! ab'-sa-lom ('abhshalom, "father is peace," written also Abishalom, 1 Kings 15:2,10): David's third son by Maacah, daughter of Talmai, king of Geshur, a small territory between Hermon and Bashan. Let's take a look at one of these long-sentence, stream-of-consciousness moments: It was a summer of wisteria. Question: "Who was Absalom in the Bible?" When the tidings of the result of that battle were brought to David, as he sat impatiently at the gate of Mahanaim, and he was told that Absalom had been slain, he gave way to the bitter lamentation: "O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! We'll send you an email with steps on how to reset your password. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Absalom. [2] All Israel and Judah flocked to him, and David, attended only by the Cherethites and Pelethites and his former bodyguard, which had followed him from Gath, found it expedient to flee. Orr, James, M.A., D.D. would God I had died for thee, O Absalom, my son, my son! He lived in great style, drove in a magnificent chariot, and had fifty men run before him. Omissions? Absalom was now probably the oldest surviving son of David, and as he was of royal descent by his mother as well as by his father, he began to aspire to the throne. The death of Absalom, hanging from a tree by his hair (14th-century German miniature). Absalom, (flourished c. 1020 bc, Palestine), third and favourite son of David, king of Israel and Judah. He returned accordingly, but two years elapsed before his father admitted him into his presence ( 2 Samuel 14:28 ). Absalom made a plan to start a rebellion against his father Absalom Absalom (Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Frank Ruehl CLM","Taamey Frank CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}אַבְשָׁלוֹם Aḇšālōm, "father of peace"), according to the Hebrew Bible, was the third son of David, King of Israel with Maacah, daughter of Talmai, King of Geshur. He was buried in a great pit in the forest, and the conquerors threw stones over his grave, an old proof of bitter hostility. General Editor. After this murder Absalom fled to Talmai, who was the king of Geshur and Absalom's maternal grandfather. Answer: Absalom was the third son of King David, by his wife Maacah. Compiled & Edited by BibleStudyTools Staff, Bible Dictionaries - Easton's Bible Dictionary - Absalom, Bible Dictionaries - Hitchcock's Bible Names Dictionary - Absalom, Bible Dictionaries - Smith's Bible Dictionary - Absalom, Encyclopedias - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Absalom (1), Encyclopedias - International Standard Bible Encyclopedia - Absalom (2), California - Do Not Sell My Personal Information. [a] Maacah was the mother of Abijah of Judah, and grandmother of Asa of Judah. Indeed, "hell itself opened beneath him, and David, his father, cried seven times: 'My son! To top it all off, Absalom is also a highly literary text, full of allusions to mythology, the Bible, and literary works. Tamar was beautiful, and Amnon lusted after her. (father of peace ),third son of David by Maachah, daughter of Tamai king of Geshur, a Syrian district adjoining the northeast frontier of the Holy Land. Hometown: Absalom was born in Hebron, during the early part of David’s reign in Judah. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. More striking is the following: "Did one ever hear of an oak-tree having a heart? It existed in the days of Josephus ("Antiquities" vii. Alarmed for the consequences of the act, Absalom fled to his grandfather at Geshur, and there abode for three years ( 2 Samuel 3:3 ; 13:23-38 ). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. And according to the description of Gehenna by Joshua ben Levi, who, like Dante, wandered through hell under the guidance of the angel Duma, Absalom still dwells there, having the rebellious heathen in charge; and when the angels with their fiery rods run also against Absalom to smite him like the rest, a heavenly voice says: "Spare Absalom, the son of David, My servant. 17). As the result of a stratagem carried out by a woman of Tekoah, Joab received David's sanction to invite Absalom back to Jerusalem. General Editor. For other uses, see. [2 Sam 14:27] From the language of 2 Samuel 18:18, "I have no son to keep my name in remembrance", it is implied that his sons died at an early age. [6] In a 2013 conference, Professor Gabriel Barkay suggested that it could be the tomb of Herod Agrippa, the grandson of Herod the Great, based in part on the similarity to Herod's newly discovered tomb at Herodium. Here he ordered his servants to murder Amnon, and then fled for safety to his grandfathers court at Geshur, where he remained for three years. From the language of 18:18, it is inferred that the sons died at an early age. In all probability it is the tomb of Alexander Jannæus (Conder, in Hastings' Dict. The picture of Absalom that is presented in 2 Samuel 13–19 suggests that he was the Alcibiades of the Old Testament, alike in his personal attractiveness, his lawless insolence, and his tragic fate. Residents of Jerusalem would bring their unruly children to the site to teach them what became of a rebellious son. 1915. He had a strong influence on his father’s reign. David's other sons fled from the place in horror, and brought the tidings of the death of Amnon to Jerusalem. (Born B.C. He was a great favorite of his father, and of the people. Hushai also joined Absalom, but only for the purpose of trying to counteract the counsels of Ahithophel, and so to advantage David's cause. Proud member [1 Kings 15:1-14][2 Chron 11:20-22][2 Chron 15:16], Absalom's sister, who was also called Tamar, was raped by Amnon, who was their half-brother. 103b), "he has no share in the life to come". [1], Although he had no sons 2 Chronicles 11:20 says that Absalom had another daughter or granddaughter named Maacah, who later became the favorite wife of Rehoboam. O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! More specifically, Dryden uses biblical allegory and reference in order to make a statement about the politics and politicians of his time (i.e Charles II). For this he was driven into banishment, but he was eventually restored to favour through the good offices of his cousin Joab.
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