#620 Arlington, VA 22201, New! By enlarging too much the number of electors, you render the representatives too little acquainted with all their local circumstances and lesser interests; as by reducing it too much, you render him unduly attached to these, and too little fit to comprehend and pursue great and national objects. A rage for paper money, for an abolition of debts, for an equal division of property, or for any other improper or wicked project, will be less apt to pervade the whole body of the Union than a particular member of it; in the same proportion as such a malady is more likely to taint a particular county or district, than an entire State. He countered that it was exactly the great number of factions and diversity that would avoid tyranny. An edition published by printer Jacob Gideon in 1818, with revisions and corrections by Madison, was the first to identify each essay by its author's name. The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man; and we see them everywhere brought into different degrees of activity, according to the different circumstances of civil society. In an equal degree does the increased variety of parties comprised within the Union, increase this security. A common passion or interest will, in almost every case, be felt by a majority of the whole; a communication and concert result from the form of government itself; and there is nothing to check the inducements to sacrifice the weaker party or an obnoxious individual. In response, Madison explored majority rule v. minority rights in this essay. Enlightened statesmen will not always be at the helm. Is a law proposed concerning private debts? Need assistance? Written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay, the essays originally appeared anonymously in New York newspapers in 1787 and 1788 under the pen name "Publius." Groups would be forced to negotiate and compromise among themselves, arriving at solutions … Nor, in many cases, can such an adjustment be made at all without taking into view indirect and remote considerations, which will rarely prevail over the immediate interest which one party may find in disregarding the rights of another or the good of the whole. They were reprinted in other newspapers in New York state and in several cities in other states. Federalist & Anti-Federalist Papers - Primary Source Document Analysis Historical Context: After the US Constitution was written in 1787, states had to approve and agree to this new form of government. In 1778 the states debated the merits of the proposed Constitution. are questions which would be differently decided by the landed and the manufacturing classes, and probably by neither with a sole regard to justice and the public good. Use our online form to ask a librarian for help. AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a wellconstructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction. Further, he argued that the large size of the country would actually make it more difficult for factions to gain control over others. Here, again, the extent of the Union gives it the most palpable advantage. A zeal for different opinions concerning religion, concerning government, and many other points, as well of speculation as of practice; an attachment to different leaders ambitiously contending for pre-eminence and power; or to persons of other descriptions whose fortunes have been interesting to the human passions, have, in turn, divided mankind into parties, inflamed them with mutual animosity, and rendered them much more disposed to vex and oppress each other than to co-operate for their common good. The protection of these faculties is the first object of government. In lobbying for adoption of the Constitution over the existing Articles of Confederation, the essays explain particular provisions of the Constitution in detail. The Federalist Papers were written and published to urge New Yorkers to ratify the proposed United States Constitution, which was drafted in Philadelphia in the summer of 1787. Critics of the Constitution argued that the proposed federal government was too large and would be unresponsive to the people. A Close Reading of James Madison's The Federalist No. Does it, in fine, consist in the greater obstacles opposed to the concert and accomplishment of the secret wishes of an unjust and interested majority? The federal Constitution forms a happy combination in this respect; the great and aggregate interests being referred to the national, the local and particular to the State legislatures. With equal, nay with greater reason, a body of men are unfit to be both judges and parties at the same time; yet what are many of the most important acts of legislation, but so many judicial determinations, not indeed concerning the rights of single persons, but concerning the rights of large bodies of citizens? But the most common and durable source of factions has been the various and unequal distribution of property. In the extent and proper structure of the Union, therefore, we behold a republican remedy for the diseases most incident to republican government. By what means is this object attainable? What the Federalist Papers Said In the Federalist Papers, Hamilton, Jay and Madison argued that the decentralization of power that existed under the Articles of Confederation prevented … These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison. Those who are creditors, and those who are debtors, fall under a like discrimination. A religious sect may degenerate into a political faction in a part of the Confederacy; but the variety of sects dispersed over the entire face of it must secure the national councils against any danger from that source. Authors: The Federalist Papers were published primarily in two New York state newspapers: The New York Packet and The Independent Journal. They are not found to be such on the injustice and violence of individuals, and lose their efficacy in proportion to the number combined together, that is, in proportion as their efficacy becomes needful.
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