The most famous such network is ODESSA (Organisation of former SS members), founded in 1946 according to Simon Wiesenthal, which included SS-Obersturmbannführer Otto Skorzeny and Sturmbannführer Alfred Naujocks and, in Argentina, Rodolfo Freude. The operation of the Draganović ratline was an open secret among the intelligence and diplomatic communities in Rome. Copyright © 2020 www.OperationMilitaryKids.org. [9] According to then–United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes, Vatican cooperation in turning over these "asylum-seekers" was "negligible". new search. See our advertising policy here. MAA – Military Aviation Authority. CONUS – Continental United States Refers to the 48 states on the North American continent. Click Here to learn more about our organization. These escape routes mainly led toward havens in Latin America, particularly Argentina though also in Paraguay, Colombia,[1] Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador and Bolivia, as well as the United States, Spain and Switzerland. [25], United States intelligence used these methods in order to get important Nazi scientists and military strategists, to the extent they had not already been claimed by the Soviet Union, to their own centres of military science in the US. Priests active in the chain included: Fr. Vilim would make contact with those hiding in Austria and help them across the border to Italy; Kamber, Mandić and Draganović would find them lodgings, often in the monastery itself, while they arranged documentation; finally Draganović would phone Petranović in Genoa with the number of required berths on ships leaving for South America (see below). showing only Military and Government definitions ( show all 9 definitions) Note: We have 8 other definitions for RATT in our Acronym Attic. According to historian Michael Phayer, "this was the innocent origin of what would become the Vatican ratline". They were, rather, the first stop in a paper trail—they could be used to obtain a displaced person passport from the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), which in turn could be used to apply for visas. "[22] The British envoy to the Holy See, Sir D'Arcy Osborne, asked Domenico Tardini, a high-ranking Vatican official, for permission that would have allowed British military police to raid ex-territorial Vatican Institutions in Rome. Terms and definitions. Rob The USAF term WINGNUT comes from the shape of the E2 rank with single stripes, which looks like a wingnut. [32] The station chief's superiors told him that "enormous efforts could be expended on this matter with remote possibilities of establishing anything concrete", and the investigation was dropped. While reputable scholars unanimously consider Nazi leader Adolf Hitler to have committed suicide in Berlin near the end of the war, various conspiracy theories claim that he survived the war and fled to Argentina. [citation needed], In Nuremberg at that time something was taking place that I personally considered a disgrace and an unfortunate lesson for the future of humanity. This page was last edited on 1 November 2020, at 02:17. Brunner was thought to be the highest-ranking Nazi war criminal still alive as of 2007. As the report put it, these were "visitors who had been in the custody of the 430th CIC and completely processed in accordance with current directives and requirements, and whose continued residence in Austria constituted a security threat as well as a source of possible embarrassment to the Commanding General of USFA, since the Soviet Command had become aware that their presence in U.S. Enter your email address to subscribe to OMK and receive notifications of new posts by email. [citation needed], Persons claiming to represent ODESSA claimed responsibility for the unsuccessful July 9, 1979, car bombing in France aimed at Nazi hunters Serge and Beate Klarsfeld. [19], According to Aarons and Loftus, Hudal's private operation was small scale compared to what came later. Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology, and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Instruction (CJCSI) 5705.01, Standardization of Military and Associated Terminology. Rate it: RAT Rate it: RAT: Right Angled Triangle. AAFES: Army and Air Force Exchange Service.The retailer that operates post exchanges on Army and Air Force installations. According to Mark Aarons and John Loftus in their book Unholy Trinity, Hudal was the first Catholic priest to dedicate himself to establishing escape routes. [8], By 1946, there were hundreds of war criminals in Spain, and thousands of former Nazis and fascists. "global warming" Academic & Science » Universities. Other Nazis hid in Italy and sought Hudal out as his role in assisting escapes became known on the Nazi grapevine.[15]. It has been reliably reported, for example that Dr. VRANCIC has already gone to South America and that Ante PAVELIC and General KREN are scheduled for an early departure to South America through Spain. The Gehlen Organization became the nucleus of the BND German intelligence agency, directed by Reinhard Gehlen from its 1956 creation until 1968. What does RAT stand for in Military? Examples: NFL, All Rights Reserved. Fourth Point of Contact- Butt; term comes from a parachute drop in which the fourth point of contact is the butt. In December 1944, the Vatican Secretariat of State received permission to appoint a representative to "visit the German-speaking civil internees in Italy", a job assigned to Hudal. Military acronyms: The basics for new recruits. PSP, HIPAA MACG – Missed Approach Climb Gradient. These Vatican papers were not full passports and thus were not enough to gain passage overseas. [35][36], ODESSA was supported by the Gehlen Organization, which employed many former Nazi party members, and was headed by Reinhard Gehlen, a former German Army intelligence officer employed post-war by the CIA. In Rome the Argentine bishops met with French Cardinal Eugène Tisserant, where they passed on a message (recorded in Argentina's diplomatic archives) that "the Government of the Argentine Republic was willing to receive French persons, whose political attitude during the recent war would expose them, should they return to France, to harsh measures and private revenge". Acronym Finder, All Rights Reserved. German Military Symbols, January 1943, Military Intelli-gence Service). "Ratlines" were a system of escape routes for Nazis and other fascists fleeing Europe in the aftermath of World War II.These escape routes mainly led toward havens in Latin America, particularly Argentina though also in Paraguay, Colombia, Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Guatemala, Ecuador and Bolivia, as well as the United States, Spain and Switzerland.
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