It is one of 10 highway bridges crossing the river in Portland. When that occurred, some of the raw sewage in the system flowed into the river instead of into the city's wastewater treatment plant. The Steel Bridge is "believed to be the world's only double-lift span that can raise its lower deck independently of the upper deck. Search by Map; RESOURCES. Rockwell surveyed the lower Willamette from the foot of Ross Island through Portland to the Columbia River and then downstream on the Columbia to Bachelor Island. [5][6][7][8][9], Proposals have been made for deepening the Multnomah Channel to 43 feet (13 m) in conjunction with roughly 103.5 miles (166.6 km) of tandem-maintained navigation on the Columbia River. At Salem (RM 84, RK 135), the score was 89, and good scores continued all the way to the Hawthorne Bridge in Portland (RM 13, RK 21) at 85. [50], In the middle part of the 19th century, the Willamette Valley's fertile soils, pleasant climate, and abundant water attracted thousands of settlers from the eastern United States, mainly the Upland South borderlands of Missouri, Iowa, and the Ohio Valley. These rocks, composed of granite and other materials common to central Montana but not to the Willamette Valley, include more than 40 boulders, each at least 3 feet (0.9 m) in diameter. Fishing spots and depth contours layers are available in most Lake maps. The project, part of a related series of Portland CSO projects completed in late 2011 at a cost of $1.44 billion,[80] separates the city's sanitary sewer lines from storm-water inputs that sometimes overwhelmed the combined system during heavy rains. Detailed cross-sectional and longitudinal depth-profile data were collected, referenced to an elevation datum, in the main-stem Willamette River from Harrisburg (approximately, river mile [RM] 161) to Willamette Falls (RM 26.5), focusing on reaches where HEC-2 cross-sectional data were not available (RMs 175-121, 114-89, 77-74, 42-28). [95][96] The Oregon City Bridge, built in 1922, replaced a suspension span constructed at the site in 1888. [72], With development in and near the river came increased pollution. The Willamette River (/ w ɪ ˈ l æ m ɪ t / wil-AM-it) is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbia's flow.The Willamette's main stem is 187 miles (301 km) long, lying entirely in northwestern Oregon in the United States. WILLAMETTE RIVER PORTLAND TO WALNUT EDDY marine chart, Windows(tablet and phone)/PC based chartplotter, advanced features of a Marine Chartplotter, wind speed direction, water temperature, water depth, and accurate GPS with AIS receivers(using NMEA over TCP/UDP), WILLAMETTE RIVER PORTLAND TO WALNUT EDDY, WILLAMETTE RIVER PORTLAND TO WALNUT EDDY (Marine Chart : US18528_P1746). [126] Before dawn on December 21, 1964, the Willamette reached 29.4 feet (9.0 m), which was higher than the seawall on its banks in Portland. The DEQ considers index scores of less than 60 to be very poor; the other categories are 60–79 (poor); 80–84 (fair); 85–89 (good), and 90–100 (excellent). [15][114][115] This flood destroyed the town of Linn City. [30], About 2.5 million people lived in the Willamette River basin as of 2010, about 65 percent of the population of Oregon. [19], Between about 15,500 and 13,000 years ago, the Missoula Floods—a series of large outpourings originating at Glacial Lake Missoula in Montana—swept down the Columbia River and backfilled the Willamette watershed. [92] Endangered species listings and a subsequent lawsuit by Willamette Riverkeeper led to a plan to improve fish passage and other actions to help native fish recover in 2008. [44] People of the south were more nomadic, traveling from place to place with the seasons. These included the Kalapuya, the Chinook, and the Clackamas. [155], A map of the Willamette River, its drainage basin, major tributaries and major cities. "NOAA®" and the NOAA ® emblem are registered trademarks of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. This led to competition for business among steam portage companies. [63], As commerce and industry flourished on the lower river, most of the original settlers acquired farms in the upper Willamette Valley. [22] During the Pleistocene, beginning roughly 2.5 million years ago, volcanic activity in the Cascades combined with a cool, moist climate to produce further heavy sedimentation across the basin; braided rivers created alluvial fans spreading down from the east. Rich with sediments deposited by flooding and fed by prolific rainfall on the western side of the Cascades, the Willamette Valley is one of the most fertile agricultural regions in North America, and was thus the destination of many 19th-century pioneers traveling west along the Oregon Trail. Printed “on-demand,” it contains all of the latest NOAA updates as of the time of printing. Thirteen of these dams were built from the 1940s through the 1960s to be operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE),[86][87] and 11 of those produce hydropower. [35] The U.S. Forest Service manages 30 percent of the watershed, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management 5 percent, and the State of Oregon 1 percent. [21] Later depositions covered the basalt with up to 1,000 feet (300 m) of silt in the Portland and Tualatin basins. The new wall had 0.25-inch (6.4 mm) removable steel plates designed to better prevent future flooding. [141] The area to be addressed stretches from the Fremont Bridge almost to the Columbia – spanning nearly 11 river miles. [45], The Willamette River first appears in the records of outsiders in 1792, when it was seen by British Lieutenant William Robert Broughton of the Vancouver Expedition, led by George Vancouver. [15] In the following decades, many large dams were built on Cascade Range tributaries of the Willamette. [150], Species diversity is greatest along the lower river and its tributaries. [14] The highest flow recorded at this station was 420,000 cubic feet per second (11,893 m3/s) on February 9, 1996, during the Willamette Valley Flood of 1996, and the minimum was 4,200 cubic feet per second (120 m3/s) on July 10, 1978. [147] The Willamette River's water quality is rated excellent near the source, though it gradually declines to fair near the mouth. [143] Pollution has been exacerbated by combined sewer overflows, which the city has greatly reduced through its Big Pipe Project. [46] Public uses of the river and land along its shores include camping, swimming, fishing, boating, hiking, bicycling, and wildlife viewing. [66][67] The natives were then relocated by the government to a part of the Coast Reservation that later became the Grande Ronde Reservation. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, (U.S. EPA, Record of Decision, January 6, 2017, p. 88), (U.S. EPA, Record of Decision, January 6, 2017, p. 144), some of the costliest flooding in the river's recorded history, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, List of crossings of the Willamette River, "Willamette River Dredged Material Management Plan Project", "United States Geological Survey Topographic Map", "Water-Year Summary for Site USGS 14211720", "Willamette River Multi-Purpose Development in the 1930s", "Sediment Oxygen Demand in the Lower Willamette River, Oregon, 1994", "Local Tide Predictions and Water Levels", "Earthquake Education: Historic Earthquakes in the Pacific Northwest", "The Basins: About the Willamette River basin", "Oregon – Place 2009 Population Estimates", "Where did the Oregon Trail Go? Laenen, Antonius; Dunnette, David A. They are the Buena Vista Ferry between Marion County and Polk County south of Independence and Salem, the Wheatland Ferry between Marion County and Polk County north of Salem and Keizer, and Canby Ferry in Clackamas County north of Canby. LNM: http://ocsdata.ncd.noaa.gov/nm, NTM = NGA Notice to MarinersLNM = Local Notice to Mariners. Although it is unclear exactly when, the territory of the Chinook once extended across the northern part of the watershed, through the Columbia River valley. The Willamette River ( wil-LAM-it) is a major tributary of the Columbia River, accounting for 12 to 15 percent of the Columbia's flow. The navigational aids above It ends about 14.5 miles (23.3 km) further downstream on the Columbia, near St. Helens in Columbia County. [149] The central valley—a former perennial grass prairie interspersed with oaks, ponderosa pines, and other trees—is devoted almost entirely to farming. It washed out five bridges in Lane County in December 1942,[119] caused seven deaths in Portland and evacuations in Eugene in January 1943,[120][121] flooded Corvallis in November 1946,[122] contributed to the destruction of Vanport City and the death of about 15 of its residents in May 1948,[123][124] and nearly flooded parts of Salem in December 1948.
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