In, This page was last edited on 25 October 2020, at 03:41. When Catherine found this out, she had her daughter brought from her bed. When her father-in-law Henry II of France passed away in 1559 she briefly became Queen of France, but her young husband Francis II died barely a year into his reign aged just 16. Although Catherine spent ruinous sums on the arts,[131] most of her patronage left no permanent legacy. Catherine was born in Florence to Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Madeleine de La Tour d'Auvergne. Until his death, Francis held the title King consort of Scotland. You can unsubscribe at any time and of course I'll never pass on your email address to anybody else (my Privacy Policy has all the details - there's a link at the bottom of every page). She also was queen consort of France from 1547 until 1559, by marriage to King Henry II, and mother of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III from 1559 to 1589. Corrections? On 18 February 1563, a spy called Poltrot de Méré fired an arquebus into the back of the Duke of Guise, at the siege of Orléans. This article is about the Historical figure Francis II (1544-1560) you may be looking for the Reign character Francis. King Henry II, his father, arranged a remarkable betrothal for his son to Mary, Queen of Scotland, in the Châtillon agreement of January 27, 1548, when Francis was only four years old. When Francis II died in 1560, she became regent on behalf of her 10-year-old son King Charles IX and was thus granted sweeping powers. Biographical Information The conspirators also most likely had the secret support of Louis, Prince of Condé, the ambitious younger brother of King Antoine of Navarre. Whether the marriage was ever consummated is uncertain. Knecht 1998, p. 28, gives likely incorrect dates of 25 September 1533 for the death of Pope Clement VII and 12 October for the election of Pope Paul III. Francis II died childless, so his younger brother Charles, then ten years old, succeeded him. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. [128] As the centrepiece of an ambitious new chapel, she commissioned a magnificent tomb for Henry at the basilica of Saint Denis. Supported by Spain and the papacy, their persecution of the Huguenots led to the unsuccessful Amboise Conspiracy (1560), an attempted assassination of the leaders of the Guise party and transfer of power to the house of Bourbon. He learned dancing from Virgilio Bracesco and fencing from Hector of Mantua. The crown was so heavy that nobles had to hold it in place for him. The king was at first inclined to leniency. [50] On 1 March 1562, however, in an incident known as the Massacre of Vassy, the Duke of Guise and his men attacked worshipping Huguenots in a barn at Vassy (Wassy), killing 74 and wounding 104. The Path to Somerset is the latest in the Seymour Saga – have you read it yet? But since he was young, inexperienced, and in fragile health, he delegated his power to his wife's uncles from the noble House of Guise: François, Duke of Guise, and Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine. One of her first acts was to force Diane de Poitiers to hand over the crown jewels and return the Château de Chenonceau to the crown. [113], Catherine believed in the humanist ideal of the learned Renaissance prince whose authority depended on letters as well as arms. [5] According to Mark Strage, one of her biographers, Catherine was the most powerful woman in 16th-century Europe.[6]. Sutherland. Her relations with her brothers Charles IX and the duc d’Anjou, the future Henry III, were often strained, and she had an early liaison with Henri, duc de Guise, the leader of the extremist Catholic party.
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