Our Rabbis identified Daas as the power to lead (hanhagah). So too, G‑d has asked us to keep mitzvot and we should be full of joy and happiness when keeping them. The root Middos are Hashem’s middos -- the 13 Attributes of Mercy. A person has either a superficial perspective on life, or has the inner perspective. Moderation is defined as not going to extremes, of which Franklyn includes extreme responses to those who wronged you. 11-14 and xxxiv. For this reason, someone who achieves perfection of character is called “adam shalem” – “perfect man”. There is overlap, but only in that one mentions not indulging in revenge, and the other mentions tolerating what others do so that you don’t have cause for revenge. A bad middah is not a middah, because since the limits of the middah have been broken, it is no longer a middah – thus there is no such thing as a “bad” middah. We are discussing the four elements of our soul – the fire in our soul, the wind in our soul, the water in our soul, and the earth in our soul. NOTE: Final english versions are only found in the Rav's printed seforim », בתפילה של ג' רגלים אנו מבקשים "והשיאנו ה' אלוקינו את ברכת מועדיך לחיים ולשלום, לשמחה ולששון וכו'". Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation. The importance attributed to the thirteen middot in this prayer and the potency ascribed to the recitation of them in the penitential prayer are based upon an overliteral and partially erroneous interpretation of a passage from the Talmud, which runs as follows (R. H. 17b): "After God had proclaimed the thirteen middot to Moses, He told him: 'As often as Israel shall offend, thus shall they do in My presence, and I will forgive them.' In Lita, among non-Chassidim, not so badly in the 1840s. 7. 10-15), but "derakim" (ways), since they are the ways of God which Moses prayed to know (Ex. The element of earth in the soul gets warmth from fire and moisture from water, or it gets dryness from fire and coldness from water. One way is to balance each of the elements with the other elements, and another way is to balance the elements within each of the elements. This is not just another way of defining tikkun hamiddos. The table and chair in front of us contains each of the four elements – but we are not coming to explain what this is. The first meal eaten by a mourner after the Levaya is a boiled egg and bread prepared by a friend or a neighbor. Just like “a wise person’s question is half the answer”, so is the understanding of our middos already half way toward working on them. Make a list of all the gifts they've given you, both materially and ethically – your sense of honesty, discipline, desire for truth, kindness. We have said that there are four elements in Creation – fire, wind, water and earth. This is called Tikkun [correcting] Middot [our character]. How many good middos are there, and how many bad middos are there? If a person embarrasses another in public, the latter’s face turns pale with shame. If possible one should marry the daughter of a scholar and marry off one’s daughter to a scholar. Maybe you can help me. For example, fire and water, the classic opposites, are combined to form heaven. 22, mankind should walk). JTeach.org is funded by a generous grant from the Charles and M.R. the explanation of Samuel b. Meir in "Da'at Zeḳenim," ad loc. We are also not speaking here about the four elements of our neshamah – the higher part of our soul, which is completely spiritual. A bad middah, by contrast, is when we fail to combine a middah with its opposite. Men should cover their heads with a kipah, or Yarmulka [this is an Aramaic word meaning Yarei = fear, Malka = King. Water is cold and moist, while earth is cold and dry.[6]. The inner approach is to have a unified perspective. The only question is if that nature is coming from a certain element as a whole (either earth, wind, water of fire), or if it is coming from a more specific nature (either from the earth contained in fire, earth contained in wind, or earth contained in water). [3] The Sages have thus essentially revealed to us in this that just like all of Creation is rooted in Hashem, so are our middos rooted in the middos of Hashem. For example, if earth has a certain nature, then we can find that very same nature also in wind, water and fire. As a result, people have misconceptions when they try to work on their middos. 12. It is a great mitzvah to attend a Levaya [funeral]. It is a perspective which can totally transform a person’s life. 2. As I said in the post, I got it from R’ Dov Katz’s Tenu’as haMussar, who credits Meqor Barukh. People may have heard about the four elements, but do not actually identify with them. Why didn’t He instead create them as two bodies to start out with and then unify them? All of your acts should be preceded by deliberation; when you have reached a decision, act without hesitating. SHETIQAH. This Does Not Apply To The Middos of Hashem. המקום ינחם אתכם בתוך שאר אבלי ציון וירושלים. For each value, develop an action plan of how you could demonstrate that value. Tikkun Hamiddos is thus essentially all about fixing our fire, our wind, our water, and our earth. A woman’s skirt should cover her knees and shirt sleeves should cover the elbow. If we take the first letter of each of these three words, we get “emesh”, which means “yesterday” in Hebrew. When an older person enters the room, the young must stand. The Kotzker Rebbe zt”l said that this is because such people are trying to “break” their bad middos, and then they end up with “two” bad middos…. G‑d gave some men and women extraordinary powers. Gemilut Chassadim are acts of kindness. The Tzedakah should be given with a happy heart, a smiling face and an open hand. Joy is called Simchah. We must not willfully destroy anything just for the pleasure of destruction. ), while others divide "erek appayim" into two, since forbearance is shown both to the good and to the wicked (comp. The thirteen forms of mercy, enumerated in Ex. Our spiritual mission seems daunting from all the details it entails, and our physical life is also full of countless details. The Torah is entirely Hashem’s wisdom. In the coming chapters, with the help of Hashem, we will learn about each of the elements. If a person is trying to improve his “middos” – he wants to work on his anger, on his jealousy, on his desire, on abstaining from honor, on becoming happier, on becoming more energetic with doing mitzvos, etc. [4] This is the general picture of the middos. The first two groups of middos do not need to be fixed. SAVLANUS. This does not mean, of course, that we accumulate everything and never throw anything away. Earth resembles water in that it is naturally cold, and it also resembles fire in that it is dry.
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